Coking process



Patented Dec. 1, 1925.

I UNITED -STATES FREDERICK W. SPEBR, J'B., OF PITTSBURGH,

PATENT 7 OFFICE.

PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO THE SYLVANIA.

COKING PROCESS.

No Drawing.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, FREDERICK W. Srnna, Jr., a citizen of the United States, residing in Pittsburgh, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have lnvented a new and useful Improvement in Coking Processes, of which the following is a spec1- fication.

This invention relates generally to the coking of liquefiable bituminous materials and has for a primary object the production F. to expel a proportion of the volatile matter therein and to form a sponge or semicoke. This sponge, or semi-coke is then mixed with a. proportion of pitch, or other liquefiable bituminous material and subjected to coking heat, preferably over 2000 F., until coke is produced. By forming this mi. ture of sponge or semi-coke and pitch, coke will be produced by simply charging a. proper portion of the mixture into a coke oven retort of ordinary type and subjecting the mixture, in the oven, to the required coking heat. The coking process is carried on efficiently, without the usual troubles encountered in the coking of ordinary untreated pitch and other liquefiable bituminous materials, which, when subjected to the high temperatures necessary for coking, frequently boil and intumesce violently. This foaming and intumescence of pitch materials in coke ovens results in a mechanical loss of a large proportion of the coke and produces conditions in the oven or retort which'seriously interfere with the closures and outlets of the oven or retort. The coke resulting from a mixture of sponge, or semicoke, and pitch, or other liquefiable bituminous material will be a highly homogeneous Application filed July 18, 1918. Serial No. 311,810.

product of low ash content and of the highest grade of pitch coke.

An advantageous application of the above stated discovery is as follows: A pioportion of ordinary pitch, or other liquefiable bituminous material is heated preferably about 1000 F to expel a part of the volatile matter therein, t 1e heating being continued, preferably, until a sponge like, or semi-coke is formed, which usually contains about 7 to 10% volatile matter and does not fuse to a substantial extent when re-heated. lVhile the percentage of volatile matter in the resulting sponge, or semi-coke, may obviously be varied it is preferable that the sponge contain not less than 7% volatile matter. The heating of the pitch may be convenient- 1y carried on in an iron retort of any well known type, and may be accompanied by agitation of the pitch, if desired, to further the formation of the sponge or semi-coke. The sponge or semi-coke is thencrushed and mixed with a proportion of pulverized pitch, or other liquefiable bituminous material, the proportions of the mixture being such that the mixture will notboil or foam to a substantial extent, such as would cause trouble in the subsequent treatment. The proportions of semi-coke and liquefiable bituminous material may obviously be varied. F or example, substantially equal proportions of semicoke may be used in the mixture, which proportions in the mixture, may be varied from 40% to 60% of liquefiable bituminous material with from 60 to 40% of the semicoke. Next, the mixture is charged into a.

coke oven retort of ordinary type, and subjectedto a coking heat, such aswill expel substantially all of the volatile matter in'the mixture. Preferably the heating in the coke oven retort is continued untilthe percentage of volatile matter is less than 1%. The coke may then be discharged and cooled or quenched, by any suitable means employed by those skilled in the art.

The constituents expelled from the pitch, or other bituminous material, during the heating, contain valuable by-products which may be recovered and applied to various industrial purposes.

The/processes of the invention may be practiced in various-ways, other than the particular embodiment that has been described for purposes of illustration, and still be within the scope and subject matter of the claims hereinafter made.

I claim:

1. In a process of producing low ash coke from liquefiable bituminous materials: heating a proportion of such material to expel a part of the volatile matter and thereby forming a semi-coke; mixing such semi-coke with a proportion of liquefiable bituminous material; and subjecting the mixture thus formed to coking heat; substantially as specified.

2. In a process of producing low ash coke from liquefiable bituminous material: heat ing a proportion of such material to expel a part of the volatile matter and thereby forming a semi-coke; mixing such semi-coke with a substantially equal proportion of a liquefiable bituminous material; and subjecting the mixture thus formed to coking heat; substantially as specified. 1

3. In a process of producing low ash coke from liquefiable bituminous materials: heating a proportion of such material to reduce it to substantially non-fusible condition and to expel all but about 7 of the volatile matter therein and thereby forming a semicoke; mixing such semi-coke with a proportion of liquefiable bituminous material; and subjecting the mixture thus formed to coking heat; substantially as specified.

4. In a process of producing low ash coke from liquefiable bituminous materials: heating a proportion of such material to reduce it to substantially non-fusible condition, and thereby forming a semi-coke; mixing such semi-coke with a proportion of liquefiable bituminous material; and subjectmg the mixture thus formed to coking heat; substantially as specified.

5. In a process of producing low ash coke from liquefiable bituminous materials; heating a proportion of such material to reduce it to substantially non-fusible condition and expel all but about 7% of the volatile matter therein and thereby forming a semicoke; mixing such semi-coke with a proportion of liquefiable bituminous material; and heating the mixture thus formed until the percentage of volatile matter therein is less than 1%; substantially as specified.

6. In a pitch coking process: heating a proportion of pitch to reduce it to substantially non-fusible condition and expel a part of the volatile matter and thereby forming a semi-coke; mixing such semi-coke with a proportion of pitch; and subjecting the mixture thus formed to coking heat; substantially as specified.

7. In a pitch coking process: heating a proportion of pitch to reduce it to substantially non-fusible condition and expel a part of the volatile matter and thereby forming a semi-coke; mixing such semi-coke with a substantially equal proportion of pitch; and subjecting the mixture thus formed to coking heat; substantially as specified.

8. In a pitch coking process: heating a proportion of pitch to reduce it to substan- 7 tially non-fusible condition and expel a part of the volatile matter therein and thereby forming a semi-coke; mixing such semi-coke with a proportion of pitch; and subjecting the mixture thus formed to coking heat and continuing the heating-until the percentage of volatile matter in the mixture is less than 1%; substantially as specified.

9. In a pitch coking process: heating a proportion of pitch to reduce it to substantially non-fusible condition and expel all but about 7% of the volatile matter therein and thereby forming a semi-coke; mixing such semi-coke with a proportion of pitch;

and subjecting the mixture thus formed to coking heat and continuing the heating until the percentage of volatile matter in the mixture is less than 1%; substantially as specified.

10. In a process of producing low ash coke from liquefiable bituminous materials: heating a proportion of such materials to reduce it to substantially non-fusible condition and thereby forming a semi-coke;

crushing such semi-coke; mixing such sem1- coke with a proportion. of liquefiable bituminous material; and subjecting the mixture thus formed to coking heat; substantially as specified.

11. In a process I of producing low ash 12. In a pitch coking process: mixing a proportion of crushed semi-coke with a proportion of pulverized pitch; and subjecting such mixture to coking heat; substantially as specified.

13. In a pitch coking process: mixing a proportion of pitch with a proportion of crushed semi-coke formed by subjecting pitch to heat to reduce it to a substantially non-fusible condition; and subjecting such mixture to coking heat; substantially as specified.

14. In a process of producing a cokable product from liquefiable bituminous materials: heating a proportion of such material to expel apart of the volatile matter and thereby forming a semi-coke and mixing such semi-coke with a proportion of the liquefiable bituminous material; substantially as specified.

15. a new product, a coking material mixing such 105 composed of a liquefiahle bituminous mateposed of pitch mixed with a substantially rial mixed with a suflicient proportion of a equal proportion of pitch semi-coke to presemi-coke made of the same material to went foaming of the mixture when subjected 10 prevent foaming of the mixture when subto subsequent coking heat; substantially as 5 jected to subsequent coking heat; substanspecified.

tially as specified; 16. As a new product, a coking pitch com- FREDERICK W. SPERR, J R. 

